Manufacture of lead oxid.



G. V. BARTON.

MANUFACTURE OF LEAD OXID.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3, 1911.

1,060,153., Patented Apr. 29, 1915.

5 SHEBTSSHEET 1.

G. V. BARTON. MANUFACTURE OF LEAD OXID.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 3,1911. 1,060,15&

Patented Apr. 29, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

G. V. BARTON.

MANUFACTURE OF LEAD OXID.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE3, 1911.

Patented Apr. 29, 1913.

' 5 SHEETSSHEET 3.

G. v. BARTON. I MANUFACTURE OF LEAD OXID.

APPLICATION FILED JUNEB, 1911.

Patented Apr. 29, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

a p d 0 l X/ A G. V. BARTON. MANUFACTURE OF LEAD OXID.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNBS, 1911. 1,060, 1 53.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

iii-

- Mace Patnted Apr. 29, 1913,

'15 Letters Patent. have been GEO RGE VINCENT BARTON, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

MANUFACTURE OF LEAD OXID.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it ,known that I, GEORGE VINCENT BARTON, of Shirley, Queens Drive Mossley-Hill,Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, England, manufacturing chemist,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Lead I Oxid, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the drawing, 1 l0 hereunto annexed and to the figures and letters marked thereon t hat is to. say:

The invention relates to certain improve ments primarily in that class" of process and apparatus in respect of which'sev'eral granted to. me namely Nos. 17178 of 1898, 21830 of 1898,

4:660 of '1902 13458101 1 90 8 and 4465 01 1909. .In the production of lead, oxid by I the process and "apparatus according to -mysaid former. patents the resulting oxid was of different shades. of colordepend ent upon thedegree of heat in the pot which was diflicultto'regulate while :a small percentage of metallic, lead was carried over from the pot to'gether'with the'oxid in'a.

pulverulent'clou was to some extent modified by the. apparatus the subject matter of my former Patent No. 13458 of 1908 according to which the oX'id and pulverulentle'ad was carried through a heated upcast flue on' its .way tothc collecting chamber but although this lessened the percentage of metalliclead finally carried away i it did not. altogether prevent,- it and. the primary objects offthe present invention are'to further reduce said percentage; to

obtainoxid of the 'required colorawith a. greater degree of" certainty ana; ,sqme cases to provide means to'intercept any more solid portionsof metalliolead which {the pot. and more especially passj'over fro:

when a lowlpot-is employed: Q I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 3, 1911. Serial No. 631,127.

,that' its I does not formpart of the present invention "and although thatis the preferred-dorm any Patented Apr. 29,1913.

vertical transverse section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 5. Fig. -7 is a similar view illustrating a slight modification. Fig. 8 is a similar View to' Fig. 5 illustrating a furthermodificationand Fig. 8 is a detail View thereof. 1

In the several figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference and Figs. 2, 4: and 6 to 8*, are drawn to, an in,- creased scale with respect to the other figures of the drawings.

deferring to Figs. 1 and 2 a represents a furnace of any usual construction and 6 represents a covered pot mounted overthe furmace and designed to contain the lead 'to be treated and a quantity of molten lead is from time to time fed into the pot through a siphon b suchas that shown'andfiescribed .in thespecification of said Letters Patent No. 4465 01? 1909 or in other suitable man her, and by thefurnace c or it might be by anyother suitable source of heat maintained in the necessary fluid state. It is however found in practice that little or no extraneous heat is required after thepot is once started inasmuch'as the ehemical action of the oxidation :of the lead .itself generates all "or nearly all the requisite heat. The pot b is provided with an outlet b -at one side and at or near the top thereof and it isfurnished with a central -shaft b drlven at the requiredspeed by gearing 72 b from a horixzontalshaft band the vertical shaft 1) is furnished wi-tha horizontal paddle or stirrer 6 located at or near the bottom of the pot. Abaffle plate or curtain b is arranged at one sideof the outlet '6 and extends nearly down to the paddle or stirrer. Enteringthe top of the pot b is-a pipe '6 supplied with air derkgpressure and this pipe is "curved or ar-.

rangedat a suitable angle in'such manner fthat -tjheissuing'blast acts upon the surface ofthe molten metal within the pot b. The partsh ereinbefore described and their action are substantially the same as those shown and described in the specifications of my said former patents and will therefore. be

fully understood upon reference thereto.

The .pot 6 shown in theaccompanying drawings ishowever differently proportioned m height exceeds its width. but that.

other a, of the forms illustrated in my said and steam preferably superheated steam un- 1' former specifications may be' substituted therefor. Connected by an elbow or neck with the-outlet b -from the pot b is a downa cast flue or chamber a which may be of any suitable length-to effectually carry out the process of conversion and this flue c is by a way 0 connected with a collecting chamber d and the oxid is by the blast of air and steam issuing from the tube 6 carried p 7 1 .through said nay c.

into the flue o -andserve to highly heat the downcast flue 0. Or the flue 0 might beconnected with the flue of the furnace ofa lead melting pot (not shown) being a necessary part of a plant of this description so as to conduct the products of combustion from saidfurnace to the flue c after fulfilling their function in the meltin of the lead; for, the flue 0 might be heated by any other suitable means provided said means are adequiite to produce the necessary high temperature in the flue a surrounding the downcast flue c'. The downcast flue c is thus maintained. in a highly heated condition and the material is carried thereinto by vthe air and steam blast in the pot b in the form of a fine p'ulverulent dusty cloud'which is thus exposed to the int nse heat emanating from the walls of the ue c which acts upon any metallic lead carried overwith the oxid from the pot and assists. to bring the same to lead oxid and the'oxid to the necessary uniform color. In order however to insure this action currents of superheated air are introduced 'into. the downcast flue 0 so as to assist the oxidizing process and said currents are preferably directed upwardly so as to mingle with the particles of material and more or less retard the gravitation thereof so that said material may be exposed to the intense heat and the action of the superheated air for the period of time necessary to. convert the whole of thepulverulent metallic lead and bring. the oxid to the requisite color. The introduction of the superheated air into the .downc'ast flue c is preferably accom-- pli'shedby means of upwardly inclined ways 0 connected with a box 0 surroundin the case 0 vand supplied with a blast of super-.

' heated air bya piper from any suitable source. but sai'diblast'is capable of regulation by means of a slide valve 0 so that by regulating said blast of. heated-air and the blast of air and-steam b in the pot b the periodv during which the material is exposed to the influence of the intense heat otthe down-.

castflue cand the currents of heated air may be varied as circumstances may require. If

necessary superheated air may also be introduced into the neck or elbow c of the highly heated' downcast flue c as shownby are provided by means of whi-chthe action can be watched and the apparatus regulated so as to produce oXid of the required color. The oxid coming over from the pot and more the dotted lines in Fig; 1. Sight holes 0* especially from a shallow pot such as is described and illustrated in' the specifications of my said former patents is usually of very varied colors but under the influence of intense heat and heated air as hereinbetore described it graduallychanges to colors rang:

into oxid and if the heating process is carried on for a sufiiciently long period of time it results in the production of the same oxid which is obtained when red or orange lead is highly heated for a long period. The 001- lecting chamber d is provided with a brick lining d and has-a -ventilating opening d at the top furnished with aremovable cover anda manhole 01 near the bottom by means of which a workmanmay enter said chamber and clean'out or repair the same 'when required. In the bottom of the collecting chamber (Z immediately beyond the way 0 leading from the highly heated downcast flue c, and through which way'the finished oxid is carried by the .blast from the pot b, is provided a hopper like opening or depression (i into which the reater part of said material falls and in ordertoassist this action a deflecting plate (not shown) might if desired be arranged on the rear side of the opening (Z but this is thought not to be neces-,

'sary. The hopper like depression d which may be of any desired length or width leads into along tubular chamber 01 fitted with a screw conveyer d of a known character and provided with a delivery opening (i furnished with a valve or shutter and the conveyer cl is driven at a suitable speed made capable of regulation by anyknown means through a spur wheel (i from any convenient source of power. The tubular chamber d is surrounded by a jacket d in which a circulation of water is maintained through pipes d d from any suitable source and thusthe finished oxid carried through the tubular chamber 01? by the screw c'onveyer d and delivered at the outlet 03 is very rapidly cooled and further oxidizing action arrested.

A- small proportion of the oxid will be carried on by the blast beyond the hopper like hole'd as hereinbefore explained. Beyond smaller collecting chamber 6 also provided I tance above the level ofthe water therein with a brick lining e a ventilating Opening e and a manhole e for the same purposes and this chamber is connected with that d by a pipeef and any floating particles of-oxid carried beyond the chamber d by the blast are received in the chamber 6 and any material'which settles therein is removed from,

time to'time as described with'respect to the chamber-d. Beyond the collecting chamber e is an open topped tank f which 1s filled to a given level with water and which level is maintained in any suitable and Well known manner and leading from the top of the collecting chamber -e is a pipe which opens into the tank f but terminates at a short disand anyparticles of oxid carried by the blast beyond the collecting chamber 0 are blown on to the surface of thewater in the tank f'so that none of the material gets free and said material is ultimately precipitated, collected, dried and made marketable. In

order to assist this. action a Water spray f is provided in the pipe f* and is supplied by a pipe f fitted with a regulating cock 1 from a 'tank f provided with an overflow f?* and the water issuing from the s pray f and fallinginto the tank f is raised by a pump ft, driven by-any suitable means, and

- a pipe f into the tank 7'? so that the same water 1s used over and over again.

In; the example given at (Fig. 3 is shown a slight modification in connection with the highly heated downcast flue 0 and which consists in the arrangement of a spiral partition 0 or impedance in the hot airflue 0 and which has forits object to render said flue circuitous and thus retain the heated air passing into said flue by the pipe or flu e 0 for a longer period in contactwith the downcast flue a and thus augment the efliciency of the heating arrangement. A similar impedance might be arranged in the highly heated downcast flue 0 but it is not thought to be necessary or desirable.

- In the example given at F i'g. 4 is shown an arrangement in which the highly heated that c is shownto be heated by'a furnace 0 flue 0 instead of being carried downward as in the previous cases is arranged horizontally. In this case the flue 0 surroundlng as described and illustrated, with respect to the previous figures butsimilarly it might be otherwise heated if desired. Instead. of the inclined-ways c introducing heated air into the-flue 'cbeing directed against the, course. of the material carried along by the blast from the pot Z) they' areinclined in a direetion to assist'the'travel of thematerial along'the flue c for the reason that said material is somewhat, immobile and the horizontal disposition of the flue '0 renders it unnecessaryto retard the passage of the to trap said lead and prevent ried into the highly heated fine or chamber zontally. .dip or depression 0 material therethrough but it is deemed advisable to aid the blast from the pct 12. The blast of hot air entering'by the inclined ways 0 may be regulated according to the action of the process and as in the former arrangement sight holes 0* are provided to enable the condition of the material to be with respect to Fig. 3 might be employed in the fine 0 with this arrangement but it is thought not to be necessary or desirable and doors would. be needed for clearing away the material in case' it settled. In other respects the'apparatus and its action are iden-- tical wit-h those described with respect to Figs. 1 and 2.

In the example given at Figs. 5, 6,'and 7 a means is shown of trapping any considerable quantity of metallic lead which'may be carried or spilled over from the pot Z). In the rotation of the paddle or stirrer 11 in the molten lead a wave is created which is liable to lap over the edge of the outlet 6 from the pot b and detach portions of metallic lead and the object of lid device is IL'S being cara whether it be arranged vertically orhori- The device'consists of-a'trap like several) formed in the outlet 1; from the POE-2b with the flue 0 but said neck is of. scroll-like section and ,is

formed with a pocket c' -at one side to which it is open at cso lthat the molten lead may be removed from time to time but said opening 0 issealed against the blast by the lead contained in the of lead being placed in the dip prior to starting the apparatus. In this example the pot isv shown to be provided with two paddles, .or stirrers, one 123* arranged near to the bottom of thepot'and vious examples and another 6* locatedat a short distance above that 6 and carried by a hollowshaft-b f surrounding the-shaftb The central shaft 6 is driven from the shaft 1) by means of beveled-gearing b 6 while the hollow shaft 19* of the paddle 6* is driven at a speed of revolution equal to about one third of that of the shaft 6 and in the opposite direction by a spur wheel 12* upon the shaftwhich engages a crown upon the hollow shaft 6* of-the paddle .QI' stirrer The paddle 12* is-somewhat differently shaped to that 6 that is to say it broadens toward its extremities and the ob ect of the'two paddles diiferentially shaped and driven is to producea more ac-- .(or there might be neck connecting the pocket a suflicient quantity fixed upon a solid shaft as shown and described in the pretires turbulence of the lead in the pot b andthercby increase the oxidizing action of the steam and air blast thereon, or the paddle 5* might be of any other suitable shape than that shown.

In the example given at Fig. 7 a slight modification of the trap like dip or depression (3 is shown and which consists in providing the same with 'a side opening closed by a door which carries a short siphon shaped stand pipe cprovided with a cup shaped opening (3 for the purpose described with respect to Fig. 7

In .the example given at Figs. 8 and 8 a modified arrangement of parts for preventing the passage of any considerable body of metallic lead to the flue c is illustrated. In this case a low pot .of similar iracter to those illustrated in my said mer specifications is shown but to assist in preventing portions of lead breaking off from the wave produced by the stirring of the body of lead within the pot and beingcarriediover the outlet 12 an annular downwardly curved lip 6* of a similar character to that described by me in my specification No'.. 2183 0 of 1898 is provided immediately;

belowvsaid'outlet. In case however portions of lead shouldbecome detached in this man-' ner and carried over the outlet-Z) by the ,w-ith the highly heated flue or chamber 0 and said pockets are designed to trap any: free leadcarriedover by the blast and they I are provided with doors carrying short siphon shaped stand pipes C having cups; O so that the lead collected therein may be blast a series of traps or pockets 0 are pro-,

:vided in the neck 0" connecting the outlet .removed fromtime to time the stand pipes being partially filled with lead on starting I the apparatus as hereinbefore described with respect, to Figs. 7 and 7.

The meansxhereinbefore shown and de scribed forcarrying my invention into efiect are the best that are at present known to me,- but it will be understood thatthe kind of apparatusand the process employed may be considerably varied without departing from. the principle of the present invention.

The duration of the process will naturally furnace or heating meansand the degree of heat emplo'yed,- thetemperature of the heated air, the depth or body of material conditions. Having now partmfllailyydeeeribed and ascertained the natureof the said invention,

and'in what manner thejsame is 'to be per.-

' formed I declare that what I claim is #111 In lead oxid manufacturing apparatus,

depend upon the size and nature of the" under treatment the, speed at? whichit ispassed through the heating-means and other in combination, a receptacle adapted tocon tain the lead to be treat'ai', a-fiue or chain-f her through which the oxid' passesfrom said receptacle, means for highly heating said flue orchamber, and means for in-.

troducing currents of highly heated air under pressure into the oxid as it passes through said flue or chamber.

2. In lead'oxid manufacturing apparatus,

in combination, a receptacle adapted to con tain-the leadto be treated,a flue or chamber through which the 'oxid passes from said receptacle, a casing surrounding said flue or chamben and spaced therefrom,

,means for introducing a heated medium into the space between said casing and said flue or chamber to highly heat the latter, passages communicating with said flue or chamber, and means -0 sagesjand into said flue or chamber.

r feeding highly. heated air under pressure through said pas- 3. In lead oxidmanufacturing apparatus,

in combination, areceptacle adaptedto'contain the lead tobe treated, a flue or chamber through which the oxid passes from said receptacle, a casing surrounding said flue or chamber and spaced therefromp means for tain the lead to betreated, a flue or cham-' 105 her through which the oxid passes from said receptacle, -means for highly heating said into the oxidv as it passesvthrough said flue or chamber, a-chamber communicating with said'flue or chamber and into which the oxid flue or chamber, means forintroducing cur-' rents othighly heated air-under pressure is adapted to pass, a screw conveyer in said second chamber for conveying the oxid therethrough, said second chamber be'in provided with a .delivery opening, an

means for coolin said second chamber.

5.. In lead oXi -manufacturing apparatus,

in combination, a receptacle adapted to contain the-leadtogbe treated, a flue vor chamber through which the oxid passes from said re- 'ceptacle,1means"for highly heating said' flhe prfichambr, means' i or introducing currents foflfighly heated air iunder" pressure into the end 1 as it passes"'throughsaid flue or; with chamber, a chambera communicatin'g Said flue or chamber and into which, the

oxid'is adapted to pass,"a screw conveyer in said second chamber forconveying the oxid 'therethrough, said second chamber being provided with a delivery opening, a'water jacket surrounding said second chamber, and means for maintaining a circulation of water in said jacket. Q

6. In lead oxid manufacturing apparatus, in combination, a receptacle adapted to contain the lead to be treated, a fine or chamher through which the oxid p receptacle, a casing surroun mg said flue or chamber and spaced therefrom, means for introducing a heated medium into the space between said casing and said flue or chamber to highly heat the latter, a spiral partition positioned Within the space between said-casing and said flue or chamber, passages communicating with said flue or chamber, and means for feeding highly heated air under pressure through said passages and into said flue or chamber.

7. In lead oxid manufacturing apparatus, in combination, a receptacle adapted to contain the lead to be treated, a stirrer therein adjacent the bottom of the receptacle, a second stirrer within said receptacle positioned above said first stirrer, means for rotating said stirrers in opposite directions .and at different speeds, a-fiue or chamber through which the oxid passes from said receptacle, means for highly heating said flue or chamher and means for introducing-currents of hlghly heated air under pressure into the oxid as it her.

asses from said passes throughsaid flue or cham- 8. In lead oizid manufacturing apparatus,

in combination, a receptacle adapted to contain the lead to be treated, a flue 0r chamber through which the oxid passes from said receptacle, means for highly heating said flue or chamber, means for introducing ourrents of highly heatedair under pressure 7 into the oxid as it passes through said flue or chamber, and means positioned between said receptacle and said flue or chamber for trapping any metallic lead which may be carried out of the receptacle.

9. In lead oxid manufacturing apparatus, in combination, a receptacle adapted to contain the lead to be treated, a flue or chamher through which the oxid passes from saidreceptacle, ,means for highly heating said GEORGE VINCENT BARTON.

- Fitnesses: l G.%LBOURNE WHi'rE,

G. H.,WH1TE. 

